Islamic Councils and Democracy in Iran (Analysis of the essence of Islamic Councils in Iran)

The experiences of the period of globalization, demonstrate that Nonparticipation of people on the process of decision making, detriments the society. Therefore, societies oriented towards utilization of people participation. This alteration, lead to creation of new horizons of management of national or local affairs. Among different methods of absorbing these participations, is to create and to develop the activities of local organizations.In this article, it is shown that how the experiences of globalization, the increasing complexities of the contemporary society of Iran, decreasing of the government’s costs and its flexibility,prevention of the waste of people’s time and cost, being regional of affairs and acceleration of them and also the utilization of people participation, caused that Islamic councils in Iran play a very important role on social and political life after the revolution. Here, analysis of Islamic councils from the viewpoint of constitutional law has been emphasized. Based on constitutional law, councils are known as one of the bases of democracy in the country which by playing different roles, identify the influence of people in the management of local affairs; Yet, the activities of councils from insight or outsight aspect, is encountered with several difficults which makes it necessary to pay more attention towards them. It can be said that the attention of the lawgiver towards councils show that: Firstly, this entity from the functional point of view, has an important value. Secondly, it has potential capacities that in the case of realization, it can first lead to the reginal and local development and then, can eventuate to the development of the whole country. This article is about to, first analyze the theoretical aspects of the councils and then to study their history of appearance, characteristics, functions. Eventualy it wants to scrutinize their difficults and weaknesses.