This article examines the theological possibilities within Christianity that support restorative justice and argues that certain foundational Christian doctrines provide a theological basis for criticizing the modern punitive justice system and advocating restorative approaches. The main concern of the study is to explain the relationship between restorative justice and Christian theology within the context of modernity, while also exploring the biblical foundations of restorative principles. Focusing on the three core doctrines of “original sin,” “peace and forgiveness,” and the “transformation of the concept of law in the New Testament,” the authors argue that Christian theology, unlike Jewish theology, contains elements capable of grounding a non-punitive and even trans-political understanding of justice. Within this framework, the doctrine of original sin, through its emphasis on the shared corruption of human nature, weakens retributive conceptions of punishment, while the doctrine of divine forgiveness provides a model for reconciliation and the restoration of human relationships. Furthermore, the transformation of the concept of law in the Pauline epistles, especially in the Epistle to the Romans, moves law beyond a merely punitive and formal framework and reconnects it to faith and divine grace. The article ultimately concludes that although restorative justice emerged within modern liberal-democratic societies, the attempt to employ Christian theology in support of restorative justice encounters important theological and existential difficulties, since Christian doctrines achieve their full coherence only within a genuinely transcendent framework of faith