In recent decades, the rising number of legal cases and resource constraints have placed a heavy burden on the judicial systems of many countries. Given the increasing caseload and the need for judicial efficiency, peace courts have emerged as an effective mechanism within global legal systems to resolve disputes and reduce the influx of cases into the formal judiciary. The significance of this research lies in its comprehensive examination of the role of peace courts in alleviating the judicial burden, identifying key success factors, and proposing practical solutions. The primary objective of this study is not to evaluate the newly established peace courts in Iran’s legal system or critique the recent Law on Dispute Resolution Councils. Instead, it aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the functioning of peace courts, identify successful international models, and assess their potential implementation in Iran. This article first elaborates on the performance of peace courts and their impact on reducing caseloads. It then conducts a comparative study of several successful examples from leading countries, analyzing and contrasting their key features and success factors. Subsequently, the main challenges of implementing peace courts in Iran are identified, along with proposed solutions to overcome these obstacles. The findings of this research indicate that, if properly implemented, peace courts can play a significant role in reducing the burden on the judicial system. Key characteristics of successful models include procedural flexibility, expedited dispute resolution, and active participation of the parties involved. However, certain challenges remain. In conclusion, this study provides practical recommendations for policymakers and judicial authorities to enhance the effectiveness of peace courts. The results can inform the design and reform of judicial policies, optimizing dispute resolution processes and contributing to greater efficiency and access to justice in society.